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  • 1.  Looking for recommendations for exogenous amylase enzyme

    Posted 12-01-2023 15:02

    Good afternoon All!

    I am looking for recommendations for extra enzymes that could be added to a mash in addition to Amylo 300 to dry out our light lager tests more completely.   A few details on our process, Single infusion targeting 145˚F for 60 min with an addition of the amylo 300 during the mash rest. We don't have any jackets so we're generally unable to heat the mash up to a proper alpha rest and certianly aren't able to perform a mash out, however I am considering figuring out a hot water addition to get the mash up to 150-152 if possible. 

    We have found that our lighter beers will stop at 1.003-1.004 from ~1.028-1.030 and I'd really like to be able to shave off the last couple of points. We are at the top range of the dosing recommendations for Amylo 300 and I have benchtested our amylo supply and found that a few drops will convert a sample so that it finishes at 1.000.  

    Does anyone have any experience adding more than the recommended dosage of Amylo 300?  Would there be any merit to adding some additional Apha-Amylase at 145˚F or warming up the mash 8-10˚, and could that increase attenuation in the final beer? 

    Thanks for your help in advance!



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    Brendan McGinn
    Head Brewer
    Zipline Brewing Co.
    Lincoln NE
    (402) 475-1001
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  • 2.  RE: Looking for recommendations for exogenous amylase enzyme

    Posted 12-04-2023 14:12

    We generally add the amylo in the fermenter at the recommended dosage on day 5ish with the DH.  It seems to work better.  We generally get down to negative plato for our Brut.



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    Ivan Dedek
    Brewmaster/Food Scientist
    Meier's Creek Brewing
    Cazenovia NY
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  • 3.  RE: Looking for recommendations for exogenous amylase enzyme

    Posted 12-04-2023 17:12

    Why wait the five days? Why not add it on brew day? 



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    Joseph Katchever
    Pearl Street Brewery
    La Crosse WI
    (608) 784-4832
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  • 4.  RE: Looking for recommendations for exogenous amylase enzyme

    Posted 12-05-2023 08:20

    Because the enzyme can carry over with a yeast crop and if you don't want it to, crop and then add the enzyme.  We are doing it at the same time as a dry hop and we are are allowing it several days to work rather than the 30-60 minutes of the mash.  Yes, it is below the optimum temperature range, but you are giving it days to work not minutes.



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    Ivan Dedek
    Brewmaster/Food Scientist
    Meier's Creek Brewing
    Cazenovia NY
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  • 5.  RE: Looking for recommendations for exogenous amylase enzyme

    Posted 12-05-2023 16:09
    In the development and production of an all malt, super high RDF (>84%) light lager we found that enzyme solely in the mash would not get us the attenuation we were looking for. We currently add the bulk of enzyme to cooled wort entering the fermenter and find it is sometimes necessary to also add some towards the tail end of fermentation to get to final RDF and calorie/carbohydrate spec. As Ivan mentioned if it is desired to crop and re-pitch yeast into a normal RDF beer you would not want to add enzyme into cooled wort. If only addition is post yeast crop , just need to be sure that enough suspended yeast is remaining to finish out the fermentable sugar produced by the enzyme. Depending on the beer and final specs you are trying to achieve I wouldn’t necessarily advocate for adding enzyme only at the end of fermentation as you may not achieve desired attenuation.
    Sent from my iPhone




  • 6.  RE: Looking for recommendations for exogenous amylase enzyme

    Posted 12-04-2023 19:54

    Dear Brendan:

    You can add Alpha-Amylase to the cooled wort prior to fermentation. You can send me an e-mail for more details and product information.

    Cheers,



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    Dirk Loeffler
    SEKA Chemicals, LLC
    (404) 229-7583
    loeffler.dirk@sekachemicals.com
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  • 7.  RE: Looking for recommendations for exogenous amylase enzyme

    Posted 12-06-2023 15:21

    If high RDF is what you are looking for, why not start out with malt with high levels of limit dextrinase (and the other DP enzymes, alpha-amylase, beta-amylase (alpha-glucosidase)? High levels (about double traditional malt levels) appear to result from steeping with increased levels of oxygen.  Higher attenuation results from using a 65°C infusion mash program with a balance of the DP enzymes.  It would appear that all Australian malts have high limit dextrinase and I would expect, so too would a number of American malt - particularly from those maltsters suppling AB InBev.  See  Evans et al., (2022) for details (open access - freely available)>

    Evans, D. E., Stewart, S.L., Stewart, D.C., Han, Z., Han, P., and Able, J.A. 2022. Profiling malt enzymes related to impact on malt fermentability, lautering and beer filtration performance of 94 commercially produced malt batches. Journal American Society of Brewing Chemists, 80, 413-426, 10.1080/03610470.2021.1979891





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    D. Evan Evans
    Dr
    The Tassie Beer Dr
    Lindisfarne TAS
    61 362439556
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  • 8.  RE: Looking for recommendations for exogenous amylase enzyme

    Posted 12-06-2023 23:25

    Hi Brendan,

    There have already been several helpful comments, but I wanted to add a few more.

    Glucoamylase (GA or AMG) can be added to the fermentor and it is very effective to reach high levels of fermentability.  Typical practice is to add the enzyme at the start of fermentation.  On a practical basis, this makes the timing of the addition easier, as you do not have to worry about missing the window for addition, and final attenuation can then be determined by dose rate.   In addition, pH is higher at the start of fermentation and that may be more helpful for enzyme activity.

    As mentioned in a previous post, the benefit of fermentor addition is the significantly longer time for enzyme contact and activity.  This offsets any negative from pH or lower temperatures.

    You do need to make sure that the enzyme is inactivated prior to packaging.  This is normally done with flash pasteurization, where higher temperatures (and shorter times) can more easily facilitate inactivation.  If active enzyme passes through to packaged beer, there is the risk of continued activity, where the beer may become sweeter over time.  Or the beer may continue to ferment if there is viable yeast still present in addition to newly created sugar.  Plan this carefully.

    Reaching 84% fermentability with a mash addition of GA becomes more difficult when the barley crop varies so much, particularly with low starch and high protein of the past few years.  Longer rests tend to bring more material into solution, but not all of it is fermentable.  On top of this, gelatinization temperatures can increase with drought and heat stress, and in our work, we do see this happening more frequently. 

    If the gelatinization temperature for starch is above your rest temperature, then there is the possibility that not all starch will be converted to fermentable sugars, so a traditional 149°F/65°C rest, typically listed in references and texts, may no longer be sufficient.

    If your mash temperature is lower, at 145°F/ 63°C, then I would definitely focus on starch gelatinization first.  It is the critical first step to fermentability.  You can increase mash temperatures to gelatinize the starch, but alpha amylase activity may decline due to the higher temperatures.  In this case, you would certainly need to add alpha amylase in addition to glucoamylase.

    As an aside, Glen Fox has spoken about starch and gelatinization temperatures and he has a podcast available here on the MBAA website as well as a presentation on the ASBC website, if you are interested in tracking them down. 

    Cheers!

    Andrew



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    Andrew Fratianni, Dipl. Brew.
    Sr. Enzyme Application Specialist
    Brewing & Distilling Enzymes
    IFF Health & Biosciences
    andrew.j.fratianni@iff.com
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