Ask The Brewmasters

 View Only
Expand all | Collapse all

Grist Case Geometry / Grain Clogging

  • 1.  Grist Case Geometry / Grain Clogging

    Posted 10-20-2023 13:44

    Hi all. We recently had an integrator replace our milling system with a new 4 roller mill, chain-disk conveyors, and larger grist case. They matched the geometry of our old grist case (4" opening and similar sidewall angles), which never had an issue with clogging. In our first 6 batches, 2/3 have resulted in the grain being stuck in the cone initially--requiring a cumbersome detachment of the flex auger connection to get grain loosened up and causing a mess. I can only think of one variable that changed: the milling consistency with the 4 roller mill has resulted in a more uniform crush and more complete husk separation. Has anyone encountered this issue and found any solutions? Modification for a wider opening than 4" seems like one solution.  

    Operationally, there's a grain dust control system which does not operate while we are evacuating the grist case (e.g. mashing in). It is only programmed to function during milling. The integrator is looking into seeing if negative pressure created by this system could help. 

    Appreciate the insight! 



    ------------------------------
    Marcus Powers
    Co-Founder | CEO
    Zipline Brewing Co.
    ------------------------------


  • 2.  RE: Grist Case Geometry / Grain Clogging

    Posted 10-23-2023 23:07

    Hello Marcus, 

    Uggh.. Clogs, or Bridging inside the grist case, a.k.a. scale hopper, can be the start of a long day.  
    The brewhouse I'm most familiar with runs 10 mills, into four hoppers, and mashed in 60 brews per day.  Even a single bridging event was very bad!    
    To accommodate new brands & recipes, we successfully enlarged two of the hoppers - upward - without modifying any cone or outlet piping geometry.
      
    In a reliable bulk material system, the slope, or angle of repose should be constant (say, 60 degrees) from start of cone all the way through outlet flange.  
    Can you attach an elevation picture of the equipment? 

    You are absolutely correct that the fineness and consistency of grind are new and contributing factors.  
    Other influential factors include: surface roughness of interior, grain type (adjuncts), grist moisture content, and amount of time (compaction), between end of grind and start of mash-in.   
    NOTE:  A dust collection system, when properly set up and aspirated, should not cause bridging.  In my opinion, for safety reasons, it should continue to operate whenever grain or dust is present.  

    Whichever the root cause, a common solution is to install pneumatic assist devices, such as external vibrators or internal airsweeps, which are activated during mash-in to prevent, or break up the bridge.
    Because of the explosive nature of malt dust, bridging events have the potential for becoming catastrophic.   If you must bang on the steel, use a non-metallic mallet.  (again I digress for safety..OK done)

    Really hope one of these thoughts, or posts from others helps you through this in an inexpensive and timely manner -


    David Ammons, PE
    Brewing Process Engineer - Retired
    St. Louis, MO








  • 3.  RE: Grist Case Geometry / Grain Clogging

    Posted 10-24-2023 13:22

    Thanks David. This is great info. We are certainly using non-metallic mallets...but even the mallet won't work! Here's a photo of the system. 



    ------------------------------
    Marcus Powers
    Co-Founder | CEO
    Zipline Brewing Co.
    ------------------------------



  • 4.  RE: Grist Case Geometry / Grain Clogging

    Posted 10-25-2023 17:08
      |   view attached
    Marcus,

    I'm going to suggest a different direction after looking at the photo of the system.

    A few years ago, I experimented with coating mill rollers with a very thin (0.0001 or so) hard chrome coating from Armoloy to solve problems associated with milling consistency, feed issues, performance, and cleaning. The coating and the mill have worked flawlessly.

    The coating is bonded to the base metal and milled grist does not stick to it.  The coating is FDA-compliant and also greatly improves the durability of the coated parts. Grist does not stick to the rollers and the rollers come clean with compressed air. The milling performance is very consistent with a proper crush on multiple grist compositions.

    How does this apply to your situation? 
    It appears the grist case components can be separated, therefore I believe the Armoloy coating, applied to the components, will produce a very slick, durable surface that the milled (and unmilled) grist will not adhere to.   This will avoid adding complex solutions for what I think can be solved with a coating. 

    Armoloy is the only company I found that has a process suitable for food-grade milling applications that didn't change the dimensions of the mill rollers, will not abrade or wear off over time and is FDA-compliant.

    Here is the most recent contact I have for Armoloy jcedillo@armoloy.com

    Attached is a photo of the coated rollers.

    I hope this helps you find a solution.

    Harlan Coomes, Dipl.Brew






  • 5.  RE: Grist Case Geometry / Grain Clogging

    Posted 10-25-2023 21:47

    Hi Marcus,

     

    One observation on this set up is that your conveyor transition is at an incline relative to the discharge.  You may want to consider running the grist directly into the auger (perpendicular to the grist case outlet), and then sweeping upward to your ~45˚ incline.

     

    Three things to inspect/consider:

     

    1. Is the ID of your grist case polished?  Surface finish of a fermenter cone affects yeast flow from a cone and the same is true for grist flow from the cone of a grist case.
    2. A relatively simple addition to your installation is a pneumatically operated vibrator.  Cleveland Vibrator is one company that manufactures these handy devices.  The weld pad installation detail is critical because the weld pad can quickly wear a hole in the vessel if not properly installed.
    3. Another option is to increase the outlet diameter of the cone, but that suggestion assumes that the problem is at the outlet versus the cone wall.

     

    Hope you get this problem resolved.

     

    Cheers,

    Ashton

    ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ 

    ASHTON LEWIS

    MBAA DISTRICT GREAT PLAINS

    TECHNICAL CHAIR

     

     

    signature_3972709018

     

     

     

    The information in this communication is intended only for the recipient(s) to whom it is addressed and may contain confidential and/or privileged material. Any review, retransmission, dissemination, other use of, or taking of any action in reliance upon this information, including any documents or files attached hereto, by persons or entities other than the recipient(s) addressed above is strictly prohibited. If you have received the information transmitted herein in error, please immediately contact the sender by return email and delete the information without reading, copying or forwarding to others.





  • 6.  RE: Grist Case Geometry / Grain Clogging

    Posted 10-24-2023 13:23

    Hey Marcus,

    We had similar problems when we first commissioned our grist case off of our four-roller mill. We struggled with bridging and with getting the grist case to run clean - flour sticking to the sides of the cone. One issue I thought contributed was that our case was floor mounted, not suspended above the brewhouse. Perhaps having some elevation as alluded to by David might help?

    To solve our problem, we installed pneumatic bin vibrators as David mentioned - they can be purchased from McMaster (https://www.mcmaster.com/products/bin-vibrators/). They do work well but a couple of words of caution - they are very loud and use a lot of air. You could use electric but that cost will depend on your needs for dust safety. A mallet does work, but I've seen some really beat up grist cases and the denting of the cone sidewall eventually causes even more problems. 

    Cheers



    ------------------------------
    Campbell Morrissy, PhD
    Director of Brewery Operations
    pFriem Family Brewers
    ------------------------------



  • 7.  RE: Grist Case Geometry / Grain Clogging

    Posted 10-25-2023 17:08
    Edited by Walter Heeb 10-25-2023 21:46
      |   view attached

    Campbell,

    We have an issue with our grist case being too close to our hydrator. The grist case is suspended above the mash tun and the only separation between the two is the hydrator. When using the hydrator, the pressure of the water creates a solid layer at the base of the grist and no grist will flow. No amount of changing the flow rate or method for using the hydrator has solved this issue, so we have elected to not hydrate our grist through the hydrator, but rather through the sparge/CIP arms. I have a photo attached to give you an idea of what I mean.

    I have thought about a case vibrator to eliminate our need to bang the side walls of the grist case with a rubber mallet. Curious if you think the vibrator would be strong enough to keep our grist flowing even when using the hydrator. Admittedly, I have never tried to use the hydrator myself. I just don't have the courage to risk delaying a brew by testing new methods.



    ------------------------------
    Cameron Selna
    Brewer
    Huss Brewing Company
    Tempe AZ
    (928) 300-9792
    ------------------------------



  • 8.  RE: Grist Case Geometry / Grain Clogging

    Posted 10-27-2023 13:15
    Cameron,

    It appears from your picture that it is actually water spray that is causing the bridging of the grist.  I think the real solution is to raise the grist case. Perhaps if you start the grain flowing before turning on the hot liquor it will continue to flow.  It could also be that your hydration rate is higher than necessary for your grist flow.

    Jamie Ray
    Brewmaster
    Oyster City Brewing Co. LLC
    600 Government Ave
    Mobile, AL 36602
    334-399-1166





  • 9.  RE: Grist Case Geometry / Grain Clogging

    Posted 11-27-2023 17:19
      |   view attached

    Late to the game but we have the same issue at our brewery, Cameron. We can't go any higher, both from height limitations and the fact that we already had a custom leg built and welding done (RIP). A rubber mallet lives on top of the MLT for this reason, but sometimes even that isn't enough. The last brewery I worked at didn't have a hopper or a hydrator, so I hadn't really considered not using the fun "new" toy when we got up and running here, but I'm gonna try your method when we brew this week to see what good that does. Maybe once there's a solid flow of grain the hydrator could come into play?



    ------------------------------
    Riley Yawn-White
    Brewer/Cellarperson
    Nine Mile Brewing Company
    Bloomington MN
    (863) 234-0316
    ------------------------------



  • 10.  RE: Grist Case Geometry / Grain Clogging

    Posted 11-28-2023 19:01

    Hey Riley,

    Since I posted that question before I have actually had my team start trying to use the hydrator to the best of our abilities, with some pretty good success. We have definitely noticed more consistent mash and we are able to mash in far sooner, since we aren't just throwing dry grain onto a bed of water.

    I do think that I am going to need to still get some kind of industrial vibrator to help move grain out. Long story short, we can get grain to move through but too much water will slow the rate that grain drops. And as the case empties we see that malt slows down so we have to adjust back the liquor flow rate accordingly. My brewers are loving the challenge, but its made mash in much more hands on. I was recommended a fluidizer by a local legend at a collab recently. I think that possibly installing one or two of those on the case will help with my grain speed issue, allow me to mash in faster and hydrate properly as well. Hopefully that helps!



    ------------------------------
    Cameron Selna
    Brewer
    Huss Brewing Company
    Tempe AZ
    (928) 300-9792
    ------------------------------



  • 11.  RE: Grist Case Geometry / Grain Clogging

    Posted 10-26-2023 13:24
      |   view attached

    Hi Marcus, 

    I would agree with Ashton's comments about how your flex auger is mounted at the bottom of the hopper.  It's much better for the flex auger inlet box to be parallel to the floor and then as the auger comes out away from the hopper you would then angle the auger up, maybe they did this because of the lack of room though so you might not have any option.  Also, I know on our flex augers they don't recommend an incline any steeper than 45 degrees otherwise the product falls back down through the middle of the screw coil and it can back up the auger over time and beat up your grain more, this may be adding to your grist case flow issues.   I've seen steeply angled flex augers that do work, but just something to consider if all else fails. 

    Vibrators on the bin are an easy option to try but they can cause their own issues.  We added vibrators on a bin for filtration media (D.E.) years ago and it actually packed the powder so tight that it made the flow worse, grain might not have the same issue due to the particle size differences but something to watch for if you try it.  For our DE system we ended up adding a small vibrator that uses compressed air and the air goes into the hopper around the vibrating device which also helps aerate and float the powder out of the hopper.  Its a good idea to be able to turn the vibrator on and off with a timer as you might only need to run the vibrating device every few minutes to help with flow and it won't pack the product down as much.    I also noticed that your hopper is on load cells, so vibrating the hopper might not be an option as it could damage the load cells over time, but others on the forum may be able to weigh in on that concern.     

    One final option, but not as easy to implement, on our grain silos there is an inverted cone down in the bottom of the hopper that helps reduce the weight of the grain pushing down in the cone of the silo.  See the drawing attached.   Our raw grain silos have this feature, but our grist case does not so it may not work as well with smaller particles of grain but it might be an option to look at.   The inverted cone is suspended in the center of the silo bottom, there's probably some magical distance you need to have it from the bottom and from the sides of the silo for good flow without bridging across the gaps around the cone, but I wanted to at least pass it along as an idea.   

    Good luck!    



    ------------------------------
    Curtis Holmes
    Alaskan Brewing Co
    ------------------------------



  • 12.  RE: Grist Case Geometry / Grain Clogging

    Posted 10-27-2023 13:28

    I appreciate all the feedback. The flex auger has been running at this angle for 11 years without problems and so the new installer did not change that element. We also determined that the bridging occurs above that transition, so we're hoping to first change the bottom flange to stay at 6" instead of reducing to 4" as it does now. We are seeing some slight improvement this week, and one theory is that the dust from the grain may be helping to provide a smoother run down the grist case walls. The wall incline is 60 degrees, as was our previous, which I believe is standard. 

    I agree with Campbell that I'd rather not venture into the vibration route via compressed air from a sustainability perspective. A food processing contractor we work with said they have electric vibrators that can work safely in this environment. We're hoping the first step of increasing the flange and seeing improved flow from use may get us to the promise land. 

    I appreciate all the feedback! 



    ------------------------------
    Marcus Powers
    Co-Founder | CEO
    Zipline Brewing Co.
    ------------------------------



  • 13.  RE: Grist Case Geometry / Grain Clogging

    Posted 11-28-2023 14:06

    Marcus , it is not Rocket Science and whoever designed your Grist goofed up and a bad design can be fixed by banging on the hopper or adding Pneumatic vibrators or it can be fixed , The Grist hopper needs to be modified , the 4 inch opening will feed ok for whole kernel grains but once you Mill it becomes Velcro. I would cut the bottom off of the grist bin and add a " Boot Transition " from Round to rectanglhttps://piedmontfarmsystems.com/products/chore-time-clear-30-degree-lower-boot-transition

    This will make your system run smoothly and it will also allow you to quickly visually monitor the Grist Hopper emptying 

    I do like that the Grist hopper is mechanically feeding the Lauter , I hate gravity feed systems they never deliver malt to the latter at the same rates to mix with water .

    Hope this helps 

    W Scott 



    ------------------------------
    W. Scott Pyatt
    Consultant
    Founder /Former COO Catawba Brewing Co / Palmetto Brewing Co
    Glen Alpine NC
    (828) 527-8097
    ------------------------------