Ask The Brewmasters

  • 1.  Autoclaving Zinc

    Posted 3 days ago

    Hello! 
    I wanted to know if anyone is observing their zinc solution form crystals/flakes after autoclaving. They appear very fine and translucent - almost like a snow globe.
    For context, we mix 3g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate into 50 ml of distilled water in an autoclave-safe glass jar, shake it up real well, and steam autoclave for 40 min. This "charge" is added to the fermentor during our first KO. 
    Before, we "cooked" our solutions in a water bath (1 hour @ 185F), and no crystals/flakes would form. This leads us to believe that its pressure related. 
    Anyways, long story short, does anyone know what these flakes/crystals are, why they formed, and is it safe to add to our wort. Thanks! 



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    Eddie Padilla
    Smog City Brewing Co
    (310) 320-7664
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  • 2.  RE: Autoclaving Zinc

    Posted yesterday

    My guess is that the zinc sulfate hydrate is decomposing at the autoclave temperature, typically 220 C (428 F).probably first to a lower hydrate, and then possibly to insoluble ZnO. The issue is temperature, not pressure. I don't think the zinc solution needs comprehensive sterilization. If you add it toward the end of the boil you may see satisfactory results. Don't add the cloudy slurry to the fermenter. ZnO is not at all toxic, but it could give rise to gushing.. In any case, insoluble compounds of zinc are not helpful to your yeast.



    ------------------------------
    Roger Barth
    Emeritus Professor of Chemistry
    West Chester University
    Author (with Matthew Farber) of
    Mastering Brewing Science, 2nd Edition
    ISBN 978-1-119-78333-0
    ------------------------------



  • 3.  RE: Autoclaving Zinc

    Posted 21 hours ago

    I agree with Roger on all points.

    If you were, for whatever reason, set on maIntaining a sterile zinc solution, you could use a filter flask like this, rather than autoclaving:

    https://www.weberscientific.com/corning-disposable-sterile-filter-systems



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    Jeffrey Muston
    Principal
    Muston Consulting
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  • 4.  RE: Autoclaving Zinc

    Posted 21 hours ago

    Hi there,

     

    About zinc crystalizing and dropping out of solution during an autoclave cycle, I've seen it before in my lab. Typically this happens at saturation, but I don't think this is your case here (you can look up the saturation/solubility limits). Soluble free zinc in the wort is what matters to the yeast. If you continue to have trouble, try sterile filtration. It's the most gentle way to sterilize a liquid and I would do that on certain solutions that couldn't go through the autoclave. There are also other nutrients that have zinc and other important factors from suppliers you may want to look into.

    Cheers,

    --

    Matt

     

    Matthew J. Winans, Ph.D.

    +1 (414)340-1639

    M.Winans@Fermentis.Lesaffre.com

     






  • 5.  RE: Autoclaving Zinc

    Posted 17 hours ago
    We add 1 to 2 grams of Zinc to 200 mL of RO water in an autoclavable vessel and heat at about 240'F for 15 minutes.  We haven't had any issues with flaking - the initially crystalline zinc dissolves fully into solution.  What is your water composition?  Perhaps superheating water for 40 minutes is causing the minerals (e.g. calcium carbonate) in the water to precipitate?

    Kevan McCrummen
    Vantage Point Brewing Company 
    Coeur d'Alene, ID





  • 6.  RE: Autoclaving Zinc

    Posted 17 hours ago
    As Dr. Barth suggests....we add zinc sulfate to the kettle at end of boil to ensure sterile...we do not autoclave our solution

    JP Auger
    Northam Beverages
    Kamloops, BC
    Canada